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Concepts

Deep dive into the core concepts behind Waremax simulation.


Overview

Understanding these concepts helps you design better simulations and interpret results accurately.

Section Topics
Simulation Model DES, time model, events, determinism
Warehouse Model Maps, nodes, edges, storage, stations
Robot Operations Movement, tasks, battery, maintenance
Traffic Management Capacity, congestion, deadlocks
Policies Task allocation, station assignment, batching
Metrics & Analysis KPIs, time series, RCA

Simulation Model

Waremax uses Discrete Event Simulation (DES), an efficient approach that advances time by jumping between events rather than stepping through fixed time intervals.

Key concepts:

  • Events - Things that happen (order arrival, robot movement, service completion)
  • Event Queue - Priority queue of future events
  • Time Advancement - Clock jumps to next event time
  • Determinism - Same seed = same results

Learn more about the Simulation Model →


Warehouse Model

The warehouse is modeled as a graph with nodes and edges:

  • Nodes - Physical locations (aisles, racks, stations)
  • Edges - Paths connecting nodes
  • Storage - Racks, bins, and inventory
  • Stations - Service points for robots

Learn more about the Warehouse Model →


Robot Operations

Robots perform tasks by:

  • Moving along edges between nodes
  • Executing tasks assigned by policies
  • Managing battery (if enabled)
  • Receiving maintenance (if enabled)

Learn more about Robot Operations →


Traffic Management

Traffic is managed through:

  • Capacity constraints on nodes and edges
  • Congestion handling (waiting or rerouting)
  • Deadlock detection and resolution
  • Reservation systems for proactive control

Learn more about Traffic Management →


Policies

Policies control decision-making:

  • Task Allocation - Which robot gets which task
  • Station Assignment - Which station services a task
  • Batching - How items are grouped
  • Priority - How task types are ordered

Learn more about Policies →


Metrics & Analysis

Waremax provides comprehensive metrics:

  • KPIs - Throughput, cycle time, utilization
  • Time Series - Metrics over time
  • Congestion Data - Hotspot identification
  • Root Cause Analysis - Bottleneck detection

Learn more about Metrics & Analysis →